diff --git a/index.html b/index.html
index aa8aa19..5cb73d5 100644
--- a/index.html
+++ b/index.html
@@ -63,6 +63,14 @@
     <div class="hud hint" id="hint">拖动旋转 · 滚轮缩放 · 时间轴视图拖拽左右滑动 · 点击选中 · ← → 翻页</div>
   </div>
 
+  <!-- 加载界面 -->
+  <div id="loading" aria-hidden="true">
+    <div class="loading-box">
+      <div class="spinner"></div>
+      <div class="loading-text">载入中…</div>
+    </div>
+  </div>
+
   <script type="module" src="/src/main.js"></script>
 </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/scripts/inspect-temp.mjs b/scripts/inspect-temp.mjs
deleted file mode 100644
index 0398fce..0000000
--- a/scripts/inspect-temp.mjs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-import puppeteer from 'puppeteer-core';
-const CHROME = 'C:/Program Files/Google/Chrome/Application/chrome.exe';
-const browser = await puppeteer.launch({ executablePath: CHROME, headless: 'new',
-  args: ['--no-sandbox', '--disable-gpu', '--use-gl=swiftshader', '--enable-unsafe-swiftshader', '--window-size=1440,900'] });
-const page = await browser.newPage();
-await page.setViewport({ width: 1440, height: 900 });
-const errors = [];
-page.on('pageerror', (e) => errors.push(e.message));
-page.on('console', (m) => { if (m.type() === 'error') errors.push('console: ' + m.text()); });
-await page.goto('http://localhost:5250/', { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: 60000 });
-await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 8000));
-// 还没切到地理视图，Cesium 应该已经创建
-const pre = await page.evaluate(() => {
-  const g = window.__app.globe;
-  return { created: !!(g && g.viewer), markers: g && g.markers ? g.markers.length : 0 };
-});
-console.log('启动即创建:', JSON.stringify(pre));
-await page.click('.view-btn[data-view="globe"]');
-await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 2000));
-const after = await page.evaluate(() => {
-  const el = document.getElementById('cesium-container');
-  return { visible: el.classList.contains('visible'), visibility: getComputedStyle(el).visibility };
-});
-console.log('切到地理:', JSON.stringify(after));
-console.log('ERRORS', errors.length ? errors.join(' | ') : '(none)');
-await browser.close();
diff --git a/src/main.js b/src/main.js
index 004717f..2362535 100644
--- a/src/main.js
+++ b/src/main.js
@@ -8,3 +8,16 @@ for (const ev of ['copy', 'cut', 'contextmenu']) {
 // 启动应用
 const app = new App();
 window.__app = app; // 便于调试
+
+// 加载界面：等三个视图初始化完成（最少展示 1 秒，最多等 8 秒）后淡出
+const t0 = Date.now();
+const MIN_DISPLAY = 1000;
+Promise.race([
+  app.globe.ready,
+  new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 8000)),
+]).then(() => {
+  const wait = Math.max(0, MIN_DISPLAY - (Date.now() - t0));
+  setTimeout(() => {
+    document.getElementById('loading').classList.add('hidden');
+  }, wait);
+});
diff --git a/src/scene/CesiumGlobe.js b/src/scene/CesiumGlobe.js
index 0f87161..39daea9 100644
--- a/src/scene/CesiumGlobe.js
+++ b/src/scene/CesiumGlobe.js
@@ -69,6 +69,8 @@ export class CesiumGlobe {
     this.selected = -1;
     this._created = false;
     this._visible = false;
+    this._pendingData = 2; // 国家边界 + 城市数据
+    this.ready = new Promise((resolve) => { this._resolveReady = resolve; });
   }
 
   ensureCreated() {
@@ -316,6 +318,8 @@ export class CesiumGlobe {
       }
     } catch (err) {
       console.warn('[CesiumGlobe] 行政区划加载失败：', err);
+    } finally {
+      this._dataReady();
     }
   }
 
@@ -362,6 +366,15 @@ export class CesiumGlobe {
         },
       });
     }
+    this._dataReady();
+  }
+
+  _dataReady() {
+    this._pendingData--;
+    if (this._pendingData <= 0 && this._resolveReady) {
+      this._resolveReady();
+      this._resolveReady = null;
+    }
   }
 
   setSelected(index) {
diff --git a/src/styles.css b/src/styles.css
index 5c6127e..5d1280b 100644
--- a/src/styles.css
+++ b/src/styles.css
@@ -52,6 +52,29 @@ html, body {
   background: #0c0906; opacity: 0; transition: opacity 0.18s ease;
 }
 
+/* 加载界面 */
+#loading {
+  position: fixed; inset: 0; z-index: 1000;
+  display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
+  background: #14100d;
+  transition: opacity 0.6s ease;
+}
+#loading.hidden { opacity: 0; pointer-events: none; }
+.loading-box { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: 18px; }
+.spinner {
+  width: 54px; height: 54px;
+  border: 3px solid rgba(201, 162, 39, 0.22);
+  border-top-color: #c9a227;
+  border-radius: 50%;
+  animation: spin 0.9s linear infinite;
+}
+@keyframes spin { to { transform: rotate(360deg); } }
+.loading-text {
+  font-family: var(--serif);
+  font-size: 14px; letter-spacing: 0.3em;
+  color: rgba(230, 216, 182, 0.7);
+}
+
 /* 顶部标题 */
 .hud { position: absolute; z-index: 5; }
 .top-left { top: 22px; left: 26px; }